Participation of the Academy of Sciences in Foreign Expeditions in the First Half of the 19th Century

The article discusses the organizational and financial aspects of foreign expeditions
organized by the Academy of Sciences in the first half of the 19" century. This period is
characterized by an increased interest in foreign expeditions, associated with overall
advancement of science in Russia and internationally and with the nations’ aspiration to
expand their geopolitical influence. The article analyzes the main directions of research
as well as the ways and forms of the Academy of Sciences’ interactions with other
institutions and organizations, both in Russia and abroad, and offers a classification of the
Academy’s expeditions. The article is based on the materials from the Russian archives
(St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian
State Historical Archive, the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire) that are
introduced into scientific use for the first time.